APA Reference Formatting: Date

You don't usually need to use a retrieval date when referencing webpages.  However, there are some occasions where you will need to include this as the information on that page is likely to change, due to the inherent nature of that resource, meaning that the information your reader finds may differ from the version you used and cited.  These can include resources such as:

• Dictionary entries
• Google Maps
• Social Media
• or any site on which the information is likely be changed without being dated or archived.

In these instances, you need to put 'Retrieved Month Day, Year, from URL'.

Some sources may not have a date of publication mentioned. If that is the case, put (n.d.) which means 'no date', like so:

If you have mutiple works by the same author and they are published in different years, they would be listed chronologically in your reference list (note that n.d. comes before an actual date):

If you have multiple works by the same author and they are published in the same year, list them in alphabetical order by their titles and add lower case letters (a,b,c) immediately after the year (i.e. the letters after the date are determined by the alphabetical order of the titles, not the order of use within the text). This allows your reader to determine which source by that author was used for a specific piece of information. If you found two sources by the same author but there was no date on either source, you would use the same guidelines but add a dash before the letter, like so:

(n.d.-a), (n.d.-b)