Skip to Main Content

APA Formatting: Title

Title Guidelines

APA requires the titles of your sources to be italicised and formatted in what is called 'sentence case', that means that there should be only capital letters for the first word of the title, subtitle, and any proper nouns (names). Even if you find the title with all capital letters, you need to change it per APA rules.

The title and subtitle (if there is one) needs to be separated by a colon.

.

For example, say we were using the following source, and the title looked like this:

A People's History of The Second World War - Resistance Versus Empire

When you put it in your reference list, it should look like this:

A people's history of the Second World War: Resistance versus empire.

 

Exceptions: Do not italicise an article title from a journal or a chapter title from an edited book.

                    Look at the Citation Examples pages for Journals articles and Chapter in an edited book.  -  add links

 

 

 

Additional Information - Editions, Report Information, Volume Numbers

Information such as edition (excluding 1st edition) or report number goes in brackets ( ) immediately after the title with a full-stop after the bracket.

e.g. (3rd ed.).

       (Vol. 2).

       (No. NZG-1567).

Additional Information - Description of the Work

To identify works other than articles, books, reports, provide a description of the work in square brackets after the title and edition/volume information. Capitalise the first word and end with a full-stop.

e.g.

Euronews. (2019, July 27). Greta Thunberg urges French MPs to 'listen to scientists’ and act to reduce global warming [Video]. Dailymotion. https://www.dailymotion.com/video/x7e0yu6   

American Psychological Association. (2012). APA concise dictionary of psychology (Version 1.0) [Mobile app]. App Store. https://apps.apple.com/us/app/apa-concise-dictionary-of-psychology-free/id502733860

 

-  both examples need html hanging indent

No Title

Some items do not have a title, provide as much information as you can e.g. author, date, brief describtion of the work in square brackets, not in italics, and then provide the source.

e.g.

The University of Queensland. (n.d.). [Photograph of baby koala in a tree]. https://www.uq.edu.au/news/article/2020/01/new-umbrella%E2%80%99-species-would-massively-improve-conservation

 

- needs hanging indent html